php实现自动生成验证码的实例讲解
在本篇文章里小编给大家整理了一篇关于php实现自动生成验证码的实例讲解内容,有需要的朋友们可以跟着学习下。
现在验证码在表单中的应用越来越多了,但是如果用js来实现总觉得不太方便,因此使用php来实现下,在此记录下。
当然,我们也可以封装成一个函数,以后使用的时候也是很方便的,这里并未封装,感兴趣的小伙伴可以自己封装下。
具体实现代码:
新建一个cap_sz.php文件:
- <?php
- session_start(); //设置session,一定要在顶部
- $width = 150; //设置图片宽为300像素
- $height = 40; //设置图片高为40像素
- $image = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height); //设置验证码大小的函数
- $bgcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, 255, 255, 255); //验证码颜色RGB为(255,255,255)#ffffff
- imagefill($image, 0, 0, $bgcolor); //区域填充
- $cap_code = "";
- for($i=0;$i<4;$i++){
- $fontsize = 7; //设置字体大小
- $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(0,120), rand(0,120), rand(0,120));
- //数字越大,颜色越浅,这里是深颜色0-120
- $fontcontent = rand(0,9);
- $cap_code.=$fontcontent; //.=连续定义变量
- $x = ($i*150/4)+rand(5,10);
- $y = rand(5,10);
- //设置坐标
- imagestring($image, $fontsize, $x, $y, $fontcontent, $fontcolor);
- }
- $_SESSION['code'] = $cap_code; //存到session
- //设置干扰元素,设置雪花点
- for($i=0;$i<300;$i++){
- $inputcolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(50,200), rand(20,200), rand(50,200));
- //设置颜色,20-200颜色比数字浅,不干扰阅读
- imagesetpixel($image, rand(1,149), rand(1,39), $inputcolor);
- //画一个单一像素的元素
- }
- //增加干扰元素,设置横线(先设置线的颜色,在设置横线)
- for ($i=0;$i<4;$i++) {
- $linecolor = imagecolorallocate($image, rand(20,220), rand(20,220),rand(20,220));
- //设置线的颜色
- imageline($image, rand(1,149), rand(1,39), rand(1,299), rand(1,149), $linecolor);
- }
- //因为有些浏览器,访问的content-type会是文本型(乱码),所以我们需要设置成图片的格式类型
- header('Content-Type:image/png');
- imagepng($image); //建立png函数
- imagedestroy($image); //结束图形函数,消除$image
实例扩展:
- <?php
- $iC = new idCode(5,60,30);
- $iC->createPNG();
- class idCode{
- private $words = array('a','b',
- 'c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k','l',
- 'm','n','o','p','q','r','s','t','u','v',
- 'w','x','y','z','A','B','C','D','E','F',
- 'G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P',
- 'Q','R','S','T','U','V','W','X','Y','Z',
- '0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9');
- private $fonts;
- private $count;//验证码字符数
- private $height;
- private $width;
- private $path = '..\myfolder\fonts';
- private $keys;
- //构造函数
- public function __construct($count,$width,$height){
- $this->count = $count;
- $this->getFonts();
- $this->height = $height;
- $this->width = $width;
- }
- private function getFonts(){
- $dir = dir($this->path);
- while(false !== ($file = $dir->read())){
- if($file != '.' && $file != '..'){
- $this->fonts[count($this->fonts)] = basename($file);
- }
- }
- $dir->close();
- }
- private function createKeys(){
- for($i = 0;$i < $this->count;$i++){
- $this->keys[$i]['char'] = $this->words[rand(0,count($this->words)-1)];
- //使用字体路径标识
- $this->keys[$i]['filename'] = $this->path.'\\'.$this->fonts[rand(0,count($this->fonts)-1)];
- }
- }
- public function createPNG(){
- $this->createKeys();
- //创建画布以及颜色块儿
- $bg = imagecreatetruecolor($this->width + 10*2,$this->height + 3*2);//两边留10px空白,上下3px
- $grey = imagecolorallocate($bg,155,155,155);
- $blue = imagecolorallocate($bg,0x00,0x00,0xff);
- //填充背景
- imagefill($bg,0,0,$grey);
- //添加字符
- $pwidth = $this->width/$this->count;
- $x;$y;
- for($i = 0;$i < $this->count;$i++){
- $rotation = rand(-40,40);//偏转角度±40°
- $fontsize = 33;
- $width_txt;
- $height_txt;
- do{
- $fontsize--;
- $bbox = imagettfbbox($fontsize,$rotation,$this->keys[$i]['filename'],$this->keys[$i]['char']);
- $width_txt = $bbox[2] - $bbox[0];//x 0 2 4 6,y1 3 5 7;左下,右下,右上,左上
- $height_txt = $bbox[7] - $bbox[1];
- }while($fontsize > 8 && ($height_txt > $this->height || $width_txt > $pwidth));
- $fontcolor = imagecolorallocate($bg,rand(0,255),rand(0,255),rand(0,255));
- $x = 8 + $pwidth*$i + $pwidth/2 - $width_txt/2;//x坐标基本位置
- $y = $this->height/2 - $height_txt/2;
- imagettftext($bg,$fontsize,$rotation,$x,$y,$fontcolor,$this->keys[$i]['filename'],$this->keys[$i]['char']);
- }
- //绘制干扰线
- //根据字体酌情增加干扰线
- imageline($bg,0,15,40,10,$blue);
- //图像输出头文件
- header('Content-type:image/png');
- //输出png图像
- imagepng($bg);
- //清除缓存资源
- imagedestroy($bg);
- }
- public function checkKeys($input){
- if(count($input)!=$this->count){
- return 'ERROR:长度不正确.';
- }else{
- for($i=0;$i < $this->count;$i++){
- //0 o O I l 1 校准,根据所选择的字体确定是否需要手动校准
- if($input[$i] != $this->keys[$i]['char']){
- return 'SUCCESS.';
- }else{
- return 'ERROR:请输入正确验证码.';
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- ?>